基于ICT技术的中医向其他自然科学学科知识迁移的研究

探讨中医现代化研究中中医学科向其他自然科学学科知识迁移的问题。通过对学科知识的成分进行分析,提出建立知识模型之间的迁移路径是知识迁移的有效方法。提出中医学科知识到数学和物理学科的迁移过程应该以现代的ICT技术为基础,由文句解析、文字形式化处理、数值图像建模、状态抽象化、导入物理元素、导入环境因素这六个阶段构成。还提出了中医知识迁移的过程中应该利用异步通讯的方法进行反馈。     

Swept-source optical coherence tomography analysis in asthmatic children under inhaled corticosteroid therapy

Purpose: To evaluate retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), ganglion cell layer thickness (GCLT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), and central retinal thickness (CRT) in asthmatic children who were under inhaled corticosteroid treatment by using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT).

Material and methods: Fifty-three children were prospectively analyzed in the study. Group 1 included 31 asthmatic children and group 2 included 22 healthy children. Asthmatic children received a dose 250?μg daily of inhaled fluticasone propionate (Flexotide, GlaxoSmithKline, Middlesex, UK). Allergy parameters including, exposure to smoke, eosinophil count, percentage of eosinophils, immunoglobuline (Ig) E levels, number of asthma attacks, number of sensitivity to allergens and follow-up time were recorded. The RNFLT, GCLT, SFCT, and CRT were analyzed with SS-OCT and the data were compared between the groups.

Results: There were 13 girls (41.9%) and 18 boys (58.1%) in group 1 and 13 girls (59.1%) and 9 boys (40.9%) in group 2 (p?=?0.22). The mean age was 9.3?±?2.2 years in group 1 and 9.9?±?1.5 years in group 2 (p?=?0.08). The mean CRT (239.26?±?34.56 µm versus 226.82?±?26.23 µm, p?=?0.22) and mean SFCT (273.97?±?40.95 µm versus 280.41?±?32.78 µm, p?=?0.54) did not significantly differ between the groups. The superior, inferior, and average RNFLT were significantly lower in group 1 than group 2 (p?p?p?Conclusions: The SS-OCT revealed that asthmatic children under inhaled corticosteroid treatment have lower RNFLT than healthy subjects.     

Using online content uniformity measurements for rapid automated process development exemplified via an X-ray system

This paper addresses the relevance of automated content testing for the rapid automated process development (RAPD). Our previous work demonstrated that RAPD allowed a fast and efficient development of a continuous capsule-filling process. Target was the mean weight and the relative standard deviation of the weight. Likewise important are the content and the content uniformity. However, an implementation demands a certain level of automation. In general, technology is available that can detect active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) inside the capsules but the final application is linked to additional development and investment in machinery. To eliminate doubts regarding the benefits of an automated content check within the RAPD we present an application example. First, an X-ray system was used to detect barium sulfate accurately inside capsules. Second, a process was developed where barium sulfate was filled. The concentration of excipients was modified in the experiments, as well as the setting of the process parameter. The obtained model provided an explicit understanding of the process. Subsequently, the content uniformity model was compared to a model of the capsule weight relative standard deviation, confirming the benefits of an automated content check in the RAPD. Moreover, we presented another example illustrating the advantages of a connected continuous filling process, which permits evaluation of all process steps and their interactions (i.e. evaluation of the entire process).     

Mixed Reality Combined with Three‐Dimensional Printing Technology in Total Hip Arthroplasty: An Updated Review with a Preliminary Case Presentation

Three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology, virtual reality, and augmented reality technology have been used to help surgeons to complete complex total hip arthroplasty, while their respective shortcomings limit their further application. With the development of technology, mixed reality (MR) technology has been applied to improve the success rate of complicated hip arthroplasty because of its unique advantages. We presented a case of a 59‐year‐old man with an intertrochanteric fracture in the left femur, who had received a prior left hip fusion. After admission to our hospital, a left total hip arthroplasty was performed on the patient using a combination of MR technology and 3D printing technology. Before surgery, 3D reconstruction of a certain bony landmark exposed in the surgical area was first performed. Then a veneer part was designed according to the bony landmark and connected to a reference registration landmark outside the body through a connecting rod. After that, the series of parts were made into a holistic reference registration instrument using 3D printing technology, and the patient's data for bone and surrounding tissue, along with digital 3D information of the reference registration instrument, were imported into the head‐mounted display (HMD). During the operation, the disinfected reference registration instrument was installed on the selected bony landmark, and then the automatic real‐time registration was realized by HMD through recognizing the registration landmark on the reference registration instrument, whereby the patient's virtual bone and other anatomical structures were quickly and accurately superimposed on the real body of the patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to use MR combined with 3D printing technology in total hip arthroplasty.     

Hollow fiber-based liquid phase microextraction followed by analytical instrumental techniques for quantitative analysis of heavy metal ions and pharmaceuticals

Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction(HF-LPME)and electromembrane extraction(EME)are miniaturized extraction techniques,and have been coupled with various analytical instruments for trace analysis of heavy metals,drugs and other organic compounds,in recent years.HF-LPME and EME provide high selectivity,efficient sample cleanup and enrichment,and reduce the consumption of organic sol-vents to a few micro-liters per sample.HF-LPME and EME are compatible with different analytical in-struments for chromatography,electrophoresis,atomic spectroscopy,mass spectrometry,and electrochemical detection.HF-LPME and EME have gained significant popularity during the recent years.This review focuses on hollow fiber based techniques(especially HF-LPME and EME)of heavy metals and pharmaceuticals(published 2017 to May 2019),and their combinations with atomic spectroscopy,UV-VIS spectrophotometry,high performance liquid chromatography,gas chromatography,capillary elec-trophoresis,and voltammetry.     

同时分离纯化枇杷叶中熊果酸和科罗索酸工艺研究

目的采用大孔吸附树脂吸附法同时分离纯化枇杷叶中的熊果酸和科罗索酸,并确定分离纯化工艺。方法采用乙醇浸提法将枇杷叶中的熊果酸和科罗索酸进行提取分离纯化,对15种大孔吸附树脂进行筛选,利用大孔吸附树脂柱层析同时分离纯化枇杷叶中的熊果酸和科罗索酸。结果经过对15种大孔吸附树脂的筛选,HPD722的吸附量最好,因此选择HPD722大孔吸附树脂进行柱分离,并确立了最佳的分离纯化工艺。结论HPD722大孔吸附树脂能够使熊果酸和科罗索酸达到较好的分离纯化,工艺可行。     

3D打印联合PBL与EBL教学在骨科临床教学中的应用

目的探讨3D打印技术联合PBL与EBL教学在骨科临床教学中的应用效果。方法将50名骨科实习生随机分为试验组(PBL与EBL教学联合3D打印技术组25人)和对照组(传统LBL模式组25人)进行对照研究,通过出科考核的数据和问卷调查评价教学效果。结果试验组的出科考核(理论知识、临床技能、临床思维)总分为(86.24+3.21)分,明显高于对照组的(74.20+3.72)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。问卷调查结果表明,相比于对照组,试验组在提升骨科理论知识、提升骨科基本技能、提升临床思维、提升骨科实习兴趣和积极性以及对教学满意度5个方面有明显优势,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);而在提高自学及沟通能力方面差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组问卷调查显示试验组总体效果评价高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 3D打印技术联合PBL与EBL教学能够提升整体教学质量,在学生的临床实践能力和学习兴趣方面有显著提高。     

OCTA在评估高度近视眼底形态及血流变化中应用的研究进展

近视是世界范围内发病率最高的眼部疾病，且发病原因尚不明确，是全球关注的公共卫生问题。高度近视眼及其眼底并发症严重影响视功能。光学相干断层扫描血管成像（OCTA）技术是一种对视网膜、脉络膜自动精确分层，通过量化血流面积、无血流面积和血流密度区域，对视网膜、脉络膜多层面进行定性、定量的研究手段。应用OCTA，可对高度近视眼的发病机制从视网膜各层次微血管层面进行深入研究。笔者就高度近视眼底形态改变以及OCTA在评估高度近视眼底结构、功能及血流密度变化中的应用进行综述，期望为高度近视发病机制探究及干预提供指导。